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What is a Hernia?

A hernia is a rupture, or hole, in the abdominal wall that has gone through layers of both muscle and connective tissue. Hernias are caused by a combination of increased internal pressure and weakness from the abdominal wall.

Common hernia types/locations include:

  • Epigastric hernia – abdomen
  • Hiatal hernia – stomach (GERD/Acid Reflux/Heartburn)
  • Inguinal hernia – groin
  • Femoral hernia – groin/inner thigh
  • Lateral hernia – lower abdomen
  • Umbilical or Ventral hernia – belly button
  • Incisional hernia – previous surgery site
  • Recurrent Incisional hernia – previously repaired hernia site

What is a Hernia?

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When to Seek Help

While hernias can be uncomfortable, most are not an emergency. One of the dangers of hernias is that they can become “incarcerated” or “strangulated.” This is a scenario where a segment of the intestines has come through the hernia and becomes trapped. This can cut off the blood flow to the intestines and requires emergency repair surgery.

Similarly to a hole in a wall or a roof, a hernia won’t fix itself — it will slowly get bigger over time. As it gets larger, it typically becomes more symptomatic. This is when it’s time to meet with a surgeon to discuss treatment options. 

Symptoms That Require Immediate Repair Surgery

  • Sharp, increasing pain at hernia site, especially if accompanied by nausea or vomiting.
  • The hernia cannot be pushed back in.
  • The skin around the hernia is red and painful.